Robert Sapolsky | Father-Offspring Interviews

Episode 108 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include why the Bubonic (Black) Plague went away, how hurricanes induce labor, and when the prefrontal cortex is too effective. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:13 Question 1 (How the Black Plague disappeared) 00:16:00 Question 2 (Hurricanes and births) 00:24:04 Question 3 (Overactive PFC’s)

Episode 107 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode includes discussion of how one mushroom causes a very specific hallucination, and the real-life hobbits who once existed. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Tiny People hallucinations) 00:09:42 Question 2 (Hobbits)

Episode 106 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses if there’s any validity to the White/Great Replacement Theory, the details of the glymphatic system, and the global phenomenon of Punch the Monkey. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (White Great Replacement Theory) 00:11:30 Question 2 (Glymphatic system) 00:21:19 Question 3 (Punch the monkey)

Episode 105 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include Rachel’s shock bracelets, the price of atheism, how to discuss banned topics, and the pathological “happiness” of mania.  Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Rachel’s shock bracelets) 00:04:08 Question 2 (Atheism and Taboo Topics) 00:21:20 Question 3 (Pathological happiness in mania)

Episode 104 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses how the Default Mode Network fails in depression, why cultures do cranial deformation, and the evolutionary journey of monogamy. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:13 Question 1 (Default Mode Network in depression) 00:16:20 Question 2 (Cranial Deformation) 00:24:26 Question 3 (Pair-bonding in mammals)

Episode 103 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the woman who is able to smell Parkinson’s, the ratio of brain to body mass, and the role of ritualistic physical harm in religion. NOTE this episode contains semi-graphic discussion of acts of physical harm. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (The Woman Who Smells Parkinson’s) 00:14:25 Question 2 (Brain body ratios) 00:19:38 Question 3 (Ritualistic harm in religion)

Episode 102 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the status of the reintroduced Galápagos tortoise species, why we get food comas, and the mysterious world of weasel war dances. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Tortoise updates) 00:05:10 Question 2 (Food comas) 00:15:16 Question 3 (Weasel war dances)

Episode 101 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include if and why humans are getting taller overall, what caused us to evolve without tails, and the pros and cons of senescence. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Human Heights) 00:15:22 Question 2 (How we lost our tails) 00:24:40 Question 3 (Senescence)

Episode 100 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode includes how this podcast came to be, SSRI’s versus SNRI’s, gorillas and gibbons in Sapolsky's life, and the allure (and neuroscience) of the occult. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:51 Question 1 (Why This Podcast) 00:03:18 Question 2 (SSRI’s vs SNRI’s) 00:12:11 Question 3 (Gorillas) 00:16:16 Question 4 (Gibbons) 00:20:06 Question 5 (Belief in the occult)

Episode 99 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses whether cavemen actually existed and in what form, why we can feel weather in our limbs, and whether the age of consent should be raised to match brain maturation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Cavemen) 00:09:37 Question 2 (Feeling the weather) 00:12:55 Question 3 (Age of consent)

Episode 98 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode includes discussion of why blood pressure increase in exercise is a good thing, how loss of smell foreshadows Parkinson’s, and whether neural implants could be used to increase cognitive strength. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Benefits of exercise) 00:09:56 Question 2 (Parkinson’s smell loss) 00:18:31 Question 3 (Neural implants)

Episode 97 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include whether emotional associations with musical patterns are universal, if single genes can ever cause a psychiatric disorder, and how other primates provide medical care to themselves and others. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Music and emotions) 00:09:05 Question 2 (Singular gene causes) 00:18:35 Question 3 (Primate medical care)

Episode 96 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode includes discussion of the impacts of Buddhist practices on the brain, why out-of-Africa humans are less genetically diverse, and the truth about the viral “talking dogs” like Bunny.  Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Buddhism and the brain) 00:08:44 Question 2 (Out-of-Africa genetic diversity) 00:16:33 Question 3 (Talking Dogs)

Episode 95 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the impacts of having an opposite sex twin, Foreign Accent Syndrome, and whether the mid-life crisis is legitimate. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Opposite sex twins) 00:12:42 Question 2 (Foreign Accent Syndrome) 00:25:20 Question 3 (Mid-Life Crises)

Episode 94 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses why microplastics are harmful, whether there’s legitimacy behind astrology, and the disorder trypophobia. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:28 Question 1 (Microplastics) 00:11:28 Question 2 (“Astrology”) 00:22:14 Question 3 (Trypophobia)

Episode 93 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include why we cry for various reasons, the reason for shame, and the truth about testosterone in the context of the MAGA era.  Access the referenced NYT article here: https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/01/opinion/testosterone-maga-men-masculinity.html Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:18 Question 1 (Why we cry) 00:13:26 Question 2 (Shame) 00:19:03 Question 3 (Testosterone)

Episode 92 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode includes Alice in Wonderland syndrome, the “Red Queen” arms races between humans and COVID, and, in light of a recent tragedy, the mental health of those who work in mental health. SENSITIVE MATERIAL: this episode contains discussion of su*cide. Please reach out to a professional for support if you need support with this yourself. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:21 Question 1 (Alice in Wonderland Syndrome) 00:08:35 Question 2 (Red Queen arms races) 00:22:49 Question 3 (Psychiatrists’ mental health)

Episode 91 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the link between aspartame and cognitive decline, causal mechanisms of Restless Leg Syndrome, and why naked mole rats don’t get cancer. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:13 Question 1 (Aspartame) 00:14:01 Question 2 (Restless Leg Syndrome) 00:23:23 Question 3 (Naked Mole Rats)

Episode 90 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the relationship between hormones and the brain and how creativity exists without free will. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro and Updates 00:01:26 Question 1 (Hormones and the Brain Part 1) 00:16:16 Question 2 (Creativity without free will) 00:27:26 Question 3 (Hormones and the Brain Part 2)

Episode 89 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses male-on-female violence in other primates, what primates do at night, and what impact pandemics have on societies long-term. NOTE: this episode discusses issues of r*pe and sexual violence.Social & WebsitesQuestion Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolskyInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky00:00 Intro00:00:14 Question 1 (Rejected male violence)00:14:00 Question 2 (Primates at night00:20:07 Question 3 (Effects of pandemics)

Episode 88 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include what humans’ natural diet should be, the history of fertility figures, and what the heck is up with near-death experiences. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:15 Question 1 (Ideal human diet) 00:14:28 Question 2 (Fertility figures) 00:19:52 Question 3 (Near-death experiences)

Episode 87 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the potential relationship between autoimmunity and psychoses, why the heck humans faint, especially at the sight of blood, and what makes some of us perform acts of heroism. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (Autoimmunity and psychoses) 00:09:48 Question 2 (Fainting and vasovagal reflex) 00:18:34 Question 3 (What makes us heroes)

Episode 86 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses why some have no desire to reproduce from an evolutionary perspective, what comes before the turtles, and the factors behind Multiple Sclerosis. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:02:11 Question 1 (Why some don’t reproduce) 00:13:22 Question 2 (Before the turtles) 00:18:33 Question 3 (Multiple Sclerosis)

Episode 85 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the history of ASD, whether there is healthy obesity, and what deja vu is about. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:14 Question 1 (History of ASD) 00:16:06 Question 2 (Healthy Obesity) 00:23:04 Question 3 (Deja vu)

Episode 84 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This topic discusses why youth are so reckless, how stress impacts tooth decay, and whether mRNA vaccines have any long-term risks. Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:41 Question 1 (Reckless youth) 00:11:12 Question 2 (Stress and teeth) 00:18:59 Question 3 (mRNA vaccines)

Episode 83 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the uncanny valley feeling chatbots trigger, why animals have white tummies, and the truth about Tylenol and autism. Captions available for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:00:41 Question 1 (Uncanny valley chatbots) 00:12:43 Question 2 (Animals’ white tummies) 00:17:50 Question 3 (Tylenol and autism)

Episode 82 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses updates on the Park Avenue shooter, trauma release exercises (TRE) and their effectiveness, and how extreme weather impacts our behavior. Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro / CTE update 00:01:30 Question 1 (Trauma release exercises) 00:10:54 Question 2 (Extreme weather and emotions)

Episode 81 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on the late great Jane Goodall and her contributions to primatology and conservation.  Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:24 Part 1: Goodall’s Background 00:05:08 Part 2: Conservation Work 00:07:52 Part 3: Chimp Research 00:15:16 Part 4: Criticisms 00:20:25 Part 5: Controversies 00:26:16 Part 6: Sapolsky and Goodall (Hoarding)

Episode 80 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, the psychology of hoarding, and Sapolsky’s all-time favorite experiments. Captions soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:14 Question 1 (Chronic traumatic encephalopathy) 00:17:59 Question 2 (All-time experimental designs) 00:30:16 Question 3 (Hoarding)

Episode 79 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include which other species cheat on their partners, what visceral fat is, and whether other animals lie like humans. Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:15 Question 1 (Cheating species) 00:11:47 Question 2 (Visceral fat) 00:25:59 Question 3 (How animals lie)

Episode 78 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses whether pet parenting makes you attractive to mates, the role of consciousness with no free will, and how a Galápagos tortoise is coming back from extinction. Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:01:34 Question 1 (Pet ownership and attraction) 00:10:22 Question 2 (Consciousness with no free will) 00:17:50 Question 3 (Galápagos Tortoises)

Episode 77 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on the differences between hunter-gatherer and WEIRD childhoods, how stress and social ranking really interact, and the role metabolic health plays in Alzheimer’s. Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:14 Question 1 (Hunter-Gatherer parenting) 00:15:49 Question 2 (Stress and ranking) 00:28:35 Question 3 (Metabolic health and Alzheimer’s)

Episode 76 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the biology of morning versus night people, whether an internalized locus of control is protective, and if the Hungry Judges study is still valid. Captions available soon for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:14 Question 1 (Morning vs Night People) 00:14:08 Question 2 (Locus of Control) 00:25:25 Question 3 (Hungry Judges Study)

Episode 75 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses what boredom is about in the brain, why rates of homosexuality were high in ancient Greece, and Carl Linnaeus, the father of taxonomy. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:51 Question 1 (Boredom) 00:14:14 Question 2 (Historical homosexuality) 00:22:13 Question 3 (Carl Linnaeus, father of taxonomy)

Episode 74 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the reason for menopause, why capuchin monkeys are stealing howler monkey babies, and the occurrence of jumping genes in humans. Captions available for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:15 Question 1 (Menopause) 00:20:58 Question 2 (Capuchin thieves) 00:29:38 Question 3 (Jumping Genes)

Episode 73 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses how male risk-taking behaviors impact sex ratios, thyroid-related autoimmune diseases, and the TikTok twin telepathy challenge. Captions available for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:15 Question 1 (Male risk taking) 00:06:32 Question 2 (Thyroid function and diseases) 00:20:11 Question 3 (TikTok twin telepathy challenge)

Episode 72 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include whether the mother or father is more evolutionarily dominant, why bottom-up emergence matters, and how other primates respond to offspring bullying. Captions available for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:23 Question 1 (Importance of mothers vs fathers) 00:12:04 Question 2 (Bottom-up Emergence) 00:23:08 Question 3 (Primate protective parenting)

Episode 71 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses how our IQ’s are increasing, why that one song is stuck in your head, and whether we think or feel our way to decisions. Captions available for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:15 Question 1 (IQ’s) 00:09:39 Question 2 (Earworms) 00:16:30 Question 3 (Thinking vs Feeling)

Episode 70 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include placebos, updates on Sapolsky’s lectures, and whether Israel is simply doing tit-for-tat. Captions available for translation. NOTE: we are not accepting more questions for the time being, but the form will be reopened soon. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:15 Question 1 (Placebos) 15:03 Question 2 (Updated Lectures 16:01 Question 3 (Israel: tit-for-tat?)

Episode 69 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on questions about sex, such as penis sizes, clothing as sexual modesty, BDSM and the relationship between arousal and fear, and why humans have face-to-face sex. Captions available for translation. NOTE: we are not accepting more questions for the time being, but the form will be reopened soon. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:23: Question 1 (Penis Sizes) 00:15:36: Question 2 (Clothing as sexual modesty) 00:18:14: Question 3 (BDSM) 00:27:20: Question 4 (Missionary Position)

Episode 68 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses gestural expression, whether animals have political systems, and why others’ bodily secretions disgust us. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00 Intro 00:19 Question 1 (Gestural expression) 09:48 Question 2 (Animal politics) 19:34 Question 3 (Bodily secretions)

Episode 67 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include whether night shift rotating is ideal, why we wince, and the hippocampal damage of PTSD. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:20: Question 1 (Night Shift rotating) 00:15:30: Question 2 (Wincing) 00:21:16: Question 3 (PTSD Hippocampal Atrophy)

Episode 66 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the optimal living environment for humans, how we forgive, and whether suicide attempts can really be predicted and prevented. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:43: Question 1 (Optimal living environment) 17:13: Question 2 (The science of forgiveness) 30:56: Question 3 (Suicide prediction)

Episode 65 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the 1% difference between human and chimp genomes, how stress hormones can be addictive, and if one can lose weight with a metaphorical diet. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:43: Question 1 (Genome differences) 00:17:13: Question 2 (Stress hormone addiction) 00:25:28: Question 3 (Metaphorical diets)

Episode 64 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the brain fog experienced during chemotherapy, the effects of Botox on emotion, and how many calories chess players burn. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:15: Question 1 (Chemo brain fog) 13:53: Question 2 (Botox and emotions) 24:55: Question 3 (Chess and calorie burning)

Episode 63 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the loss of smell in COVID-19, the 1983 Libet study, and the relative standing of current inequality. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:15: Question 1 (COVID and smell) 10:22: Question 2 (Libet et al.) 28:28: Question 3 (Inequality — better or worse?)

Episode 62 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the function of language brain regions in other apes and monkeys, the “developmental origin of health and disease” and the Dutch Hunger Winter, and how this applies to Palestine. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:15: Question 1 (Monkey and ape language brains) 13:28: Question 2 (Dutch Hunger Winter) 25:44: Question 3 (Applicability to Palestine)

Episode 61 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses de-extinction, parasocial relationships and Jennifer Aniston Neurons, and whether autism is genetically or environmentally caused (by vaccines). Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:15: Question 1 (De-extinction) 09:06: Question 2 (Parasocial Relationships) 26:11: Question 3 (ASD: Genes or environment)

Episode 60 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include Tourette Syndrome, whether free will and God are mutually exclusive, and the timeline of human sexual maturation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:23: Question 1 (Tourette Syndrome) 21:07: Question 2 (Free Will vs God) 25:44: Question 3 (Human Sexual Maturation)

Episode 59 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses wiring of different languages, whether the Professor and Offspring pass the Marshmallow Test, and addictive qualities of non-suicidal self-injury. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:20: Question 1 (First and second language wiring) 13:40: Question 2 (The Marshmallow Test) 22:04: Question 3 (Non-suicidal self-injury) SUPPORT RESOURCES S.A.F.E. Alternatives (Self-Abuse Finally Ends) – Organization dedicated to helping people who self-harm, with a helpline at 1-800-366-8288 FREE Support for Self-Injury | Text SH to 741741 : Simply text HOME or HOLA to 741741 to reach a live volunteer Crisis Counselor Text SHOUT to 85258 to start an anonymous, free conversation with a trained volunteer https://giveusashout.org/get-help/issues/help-self-harm/#:~:text=Text%20SHOUT%20to%2085258%20to,anything%20that's%20on%20your%20mind

Episode 58 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the condition misophonia, what the “cute aggression” urge stems from, and whether female orgasms have a purpose.  Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 01:37: Question 1 (Misophonia) 12:09: Question 2 (Cute Aggression) 22:43: Question 3 (Female Orgasms)

Episode 57 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include dopamine’s role in introversion/extroversion, drugs that create real-life zombies, and the religiosity of Alcoholics Anonymous. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:33: Question 1 (Introversion/Extroversion and dopamine) 11:07: Question 2 (Real-life zombie drugs) 26:04: Question 3 (Religiosity of AA)

Episode 56 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses Ozempic and the potential for addiction treatment, and the historical and evolutionary presence of inbreeding. Captions available for translation. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 00:00: Intro 00:26: Question 1 (Ozempic and addiction treatment) 19:11: Question 2 (Inbreeding)

Episode 55 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include brain changes during pregnancy, Zimbardo and the Stanford Prison Experiment, and the roots of circumcision. Social & Websites Question Submission: https://ha66meqrpqz.typeform.com/sapolsky Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/robert.sapolsky 0:00: Intro 0:18: Question 1 (Pregnancy Brain changes) 12:40: Question 2 (Stanford Prison Experiment) 26:30: Question 3 (Circumcision)

Episode 54 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the autoimmune disorder Graves’ disease, why anticonvulsants treat bipolar and seizures, and whether other species grieve.

Episode 53 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include neanderthal DNA and autism, why we dream, and the existence of social anxiety.

Episode 52 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include APOE-4 and odds of Alzheimer’s, why we follow fashion trends, and the purpose of adult play.

Episode 51 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the different types of memory, what determinists do about jury duty, and how dogs can detect seizures.

Episode 50 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses why blindness and schizophrenia don’t overlap, ways in which “no free will” can be misused, and examples of trading and bartering in other species.

Episode 49 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include prion diseases and the history of their discovery, as well as criticisms from a philosophical approach of Sapolsky’s no free will assertion.

Episode 48 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the auditory hallucination of schizophrenia, Sapolsky’s brachydactyly fingers, and the benefits of fiction.

Episode 47 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses neurogenesis, reconciliation of science and religion, and the slow immaturity of humans.

Episode 46 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses Winston Churchill’s ass and its relation to wealth, the link between alcohol and cancer, and fox domestication.

Episode 45 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include the biology behind religiosity variance, including the relevance of anxiety vs. fear, and insulin resistance in type II diabetes.

Episode 44 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include the desire for youthful appearances, the conflation of beauty and goodness, and the cerebellum.

Episode 43 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on Syria in light of the recent overthrow of the Assad rule.

Episode 42 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include toxoplasmosis and other parasites, the mechanisms behind inheritance of trauma, and racism in other animals.

Episode 41 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the role of sleep in depression, whether Bipolar Disorder is a sleeping disorder, and the psychosomatic nature of chronic pain.

Episode 30 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on Post SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD) and the ins and outs of stress.

Episode 31 of Father-Offspring Interviews. In this episode, we talk more about stress and SSRI’s, including their efficacy and suicide risk increase, and whether Sapolsky wants us to have free will.

Episode 32 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode talks about allostasis, the Cognitive Tradeoff Hypothesis, Sapolsky’s advice to his young self on ambition.

Episode 33 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode talks about the mechanism behind synaptic gaps, the evolutionary explanations for homosexuality, and controversial Nobel Prizes.

Episode 34 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the legitimacy of altruism, downsides of empathy, and biological regulations of birth ratios.

Episode 35 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the values of meditation, the good in religion, and the impacts of anorexia nervosa.

Episode 36 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the dangers of COVID, nerve decussation, and the consequences of “Thymicolymphaticus.”

Episode 37 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the phenomenon of pareidolia, the results of the U.S. election, and how to manage psychological stress.

Episode 38 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the neurobiology and environmental factors behind Parkinson’s, the link between inequality and free will, and the difference between cis- and trans- brains.

Episode 39 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses the effects of alcohol on the brain, what Freud got right and wrong, and how to reframe the disempowerment of no free will.

Episode 40 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include the field of sociobiology, whether men are naturally monogamous, and the value of genetic testing.

Episode 21 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include a continued discussion of nature and awe, bird-brains, and mosquitos.

Episode 22 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include aging preferences for “kitschy” trinkets, body-focused repetitive behaviors, and personal disorder struggles.

Episode 23 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include Free Will as an emergent property, religious vs. atheist generosity, and John Newton.

Episode 24 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include the trolley problem, dancing, and real-life applicability of game theory.

Episode 25 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include exercising brain parts, type of pain, and the reason for rhythm.

Episode 26 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on Alzheimer’s and Dementia and brain aging in humans and other primates.

Episode 27 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on telomeres and aging, neural plasticity with autism, and perceiving a world without meritocracy.

Episode 28 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode discusses explanations for cognitive bias and the destructive disorders known as Munchausen’s and Munchausen by proxy.

Episode 29 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This episode focuses on the neurobiology of dyslexia, the brain size relativity metric, and factors that influence autoimmune diseases.

Episode 20 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This video is all about dogs – Williams Syndrome in humans and dogs, genetic changes in dogs, dogs vs cats, and more.

Episode 19 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include “prepared learning” of phobias, non-human primate parenting, voting bias in kids, and more.

Episode 18 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include a study on tickling, why negatives overpower, and the presence the baboons have in our household.

Episode 17 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include theories on origins of human violence, Settlers of Catan strategies, interactions with neurodegenerative diseases, and more.

Episode 16 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include sex differences in the brain, Marshmallow Testing the Offsprings, Sapolsky’s work with juries, and more.

Episode 15 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include anxiety/depression in non-human primates, orexin-2 antagonist, “gut feelings,” and more.

Episode 14 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include neurobiology of “the right thing,” differences between treatments, anti-Semitism, and more.

Episode 13 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this video include effects of food on the brain, Sapolsky’s humor, potential of remission after depression, and more.

Episode 12 of Father-Offspring Interviews. This video touches on the “us” vs “them” mindset, Taylor Swift in a Zombie Apocalypse, beauty in nature, and more.

Episode 11 of Father-Offspring Interviews, with special Mother’s Day guest appearance. Topics include microtubules, choosing ice cream flavors, Autism (ASDs), and more.

Episode 10 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include parenting with no free will, “oh god,” Ukraine, and more.

Episode 9 of Father-Offspring Interviews. In this video, we discuss patient S.M., the neurobiology of racism, favorite books, and more.

Episode 8 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include brain regions and tails and wildebeest migrations and more.

Episode 7 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics in this episode include darting strangers in movie theaters, mirror neurons, the Share-Sapolsky’s ACHOOing, and more.

Episode 6 of Father-Offspring Interviews. In this video, we chat about jealousy, drugs, zoos, and more.

Episode 5 of Father-Offspring Interviews. In this video, we cover Freud, aggression, the best neurotransmitter, and more

Episode 4 of Father-Offspring Interviews. Topics include Sapolsky's lecturing style, his piano background, the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, and more.

Episode 3 of Father-Offspring Interviews. In this episode, we discuss archaic hominins, genius and madness, the truth about the beard, and much more.

Episode 2 of our new series "Father-Offspring Interviews".

Episode 1: In this very formal video, the first of a potential series, Professor Robert Sapolsky is joined by one of his Offspring to answer some of your questions.